Case Closed

image source

It doesn’t matter, when people want to believe something is true, it’s true. So you can keep buying mind-controlling perfumes all you want. Maybe it gives you confidence. And confidence is sexy, right? Right??

I can’t help but recall an article sent to me by a friend, it was from Cosmopolitan magazine, about a girl who made a perfume out of her vaginal secretions and then “experimented” with its effects, concluding that it may or may not have worked (science, in the world of Cosmo).

Anyway, something to know when considering pheromones. Humans and animals differ in the way the smell because we do not have a functioning vomeronasal organ. This is the "other" nose-brain. Pheromones, which are mind-controlling chemosignals, will make, uncontrollably, a female pig assume a mounting position in waiting for a male pig (because in the presence of this particular pig sex pheromone, she assumes she is also in the presence of a sex-minded male pig). She can't control her reaction; it's hardwired, and hard-wired means vomeronasal smelling. We don't smell that way.

In fact, one of the things that makes smell so interesting, for humans at least, is that there is no hardwiring, for anything. Kids need to be told that bad smells are bad (m'kay?). As well, adults need to learn that good smells are good. This doesn't mean that some smells can seem to take over your mind and body.

For me, the smell of spraypaint (and thus my younger years as a graffiti writer) makes me crazy, literally sparking a rush of adrenaline through my body that simulates the 'running from the cops' body-state normally associated with that smell. For you, the smell of your early-twenties sex partner (the one associated with daily, consistent, persistent, uncontrollable animal sex) might make you feel some kind of way. Unfortunately (or fortunately) you can't buy that smell in the paint aisle at Home Depot). Bottom line is, you also can't buy that smell on a website that promises eternal sex magnet status.

Aphrodisiac perfumes likely fake

Mar 2017, phys.org

Froot Flavored

How Can Froot Loops Be Real If the Flavors Aren’t Real?

It’s true, Froot Loops are all the same flavor.

Back in the early days of the Internet, when people were still learning not to use made-up punctuation on message boards, there was a place where you could go to get information about all those random thoughts you have while lying in bed at night. No, it wasn’t called Google, but a predecessor of infinite internet wisdom – Straight Dope.

Although it was re-discovered in a 2014 Today I Learned thread on Reddit, the furthest back we can go is to the Straight Dope message boards of 1999. Surely, however, people have been getting into fistfights over this for many years prior.

The eye-opening part is that most cereals that come in different colors are probably the same in flavor (Ahem, Fruity Pebbles, yes).

Kellogg’s isn’t trying to be manipulative outright; they don’t even call it fruit (it’s Froot). They’re just playing a game that was started around the time of tri-color vision in primates, and one that we all take part in, and one that we actually choose to play. (If not up until now, then after knowing this, you will be forever complicit in the game. The yellow ones will still get left behind.)

Perception is multimodal, that is to say, we do not “see” or “hear” in isolation. We don’t sense anything as “raw information”; instead we perceive things, and this means that the original sensory stimulus has to be processed in its corresponding cortical areas of the brain. For Smell, the raw stimulus gets laced up into your virtual memory body, via the limbic system, before the cortical areas get a chance at it. Regardless, most sensory experience is a mixture of all the senses.

This makes sense, because it makes things more accurate. The brain likes to check with all available information, and that means all sensory information, before verifying what something is. Vision is usually the best verifier for us, so much that it cognitively overrides other senses like smell and taste. There is a reason why almost everything we eat (in America at least) is artificially-colored. *

Sometimes cognitive override yields false results, and this is especially the case with olfaction. There are tons of studies that support this. But if you ate Froot Loops as a kid, you don’t need science, because chances are you thought the yellow was lemon, the orange orange, and so on.

The flavor of Froot Loops is indeed a mixture of the “flavors” that can be derived from various fruits, just that they’re all mixed together. And what does Kellogg’s call this omni-flavored fruit? “Froot”, of course. Froot Loops are not Fruit flavored, but Froot flavored. **

*In the UK, Froot Loops only comes in three colors (purple, orange, green) because they can’t legally use artificial coloring.

**I only repeat this because I saw it in the reddit thread: The main flavoring is bergamot, which is also the flavor in Earl Gray tea.

And one more, because I thought this was just the best comment of all: You don’t eat froot loops one at a time, so how should you even know?

Brainless Intelligence

Many-headed slime mold aka Physarum polycephalum, image via the French National Centre for Scientific Research, 2016 

Some folks made slime think. The lowly slime mold, a single-celled protist, shows evidence of learning. It remembers the particular route that avoids irritants placed in its path by tinkering scientists. Yup. Funny thing is, the organism investigated is commonly called the “many-headed slime.” This turns out to be an ironic name, for this organism, without a central nervous system, acts like it does in fact have a head, or a brain, and maybe more than that – many heads, and many brains.

This isn’t the first time slime mold has done amazing feats. It’s used to recreate roadmaps from ancient cultures, or Tokyo’s rail system, just based on topographical information. Who do these single-celled organisms think they are, acting like they have brains? This raises the following question: Where does intelligence come from? Does it need a brain?

In Hidden Scents, while talking about the evolution of the smelling organism, I suggest that the mind is first, and then comes the body. There is something thinking in the most primitive of organisms, deciding which molecules in its surrounding sea of life, and proto-life, should be taken into it, to become part of it, and which molecules should stay outside. To be alive, one of the most basic requirements is to have a boundary between the living thing and the outside. This defines the body. But how does this body, living in a sea of potential bodyparts, determine which parts to keep, and which ones to leave behind. The body comes from somewhere, doesn’t it? And isn’t a body - a living body - more than just a bunch of molecules? If so, what’s organizing those molecules? Who is running the show?

Chemosensation is the basis of this interface, and is the process by which human olfaction works. The initial decision-making algorithms to run with this chemosensation are also the base-algorithms of human thought. Rational thought is a much more complex affair, but at the base is the limbic system, and in smelling we have a model for the kind of thinking performed by a simple, multicellular organism. Or even a collection of single celled organisms, perhaps?

Our current mode for thinking about intelligence is undergoing a major reboot. In light of developments in artificial intelligence, the boundaries of human intelligence are already blurred – many of the things once considered human, rational thought are now programmed into an "artificial life form," i.e., a computer program.

But that’s ok, because current models of the brain follow the schematics of a computer in the same way the nervous system was initially thought of as a closed network of fluids and the brain a pressure-modulator. This was in the age of hydraulics, before we knew what electricity was. Now we know what a computer is, and so the brain is like a computer. Tomorrow, we may know what life is; will we then compare the brain to it?

Our ideas on thinking and intelligence necessitate a brain (whether it’s a computer or a water pump or a lifeform). It's very counter intuitive to hear that things without brains can think. Who knows, next it will be like “Things without bodies can think.” Does the temperature in a room think? Does it have a memory?

Notes:

Intelligent? Brainless slime can 'learn'

May 2016, phys.org

Slime Mold Grows Network Just Like Tokyo Rail System

Laura Sanders, Wired, via Science, 2010

Slime mould builds an ancient road network

Mar 2015, phys.org